Presentation of historical works of the 16th century. Chronicle of the XVI century. Great Menaion Readers

Chronicle:

Chronicle vault, which in the scientific literature has been given the name Nikonovsky, was compiled at the end of the 20s of the 16th century by Metropolitan Daniel Ryazanets and was a significant event in Russian medieval historiography that had a great influence on subsequent annals.

Facial annalistic vault Ivan the Terrible, or Tsar-Kniga - a chronicle of events in world and especially Russian history, created in the 60-70s especially for the Tsar's library in a single copy. The word "obverse" in the title of the Code means illustrated, with images "in faces".

Consists of 10 volumes, containing about 10 thousand sheets of rag paper, decorated with more than 16 thousand miniatures. Covers the period "from the creation of the world" to 1567.

A remarkable work appeared in the literature of the 16th century "Steppe Book"... It contained portraits - descriptions of the great princes and metropolitans from Vladimir to Ivan IV, the book affirmed the inviolability of the union of church and state.

Publicistic and historical works have become widespread. "Chronograph","The Tale of the Babylonian Kingdom", "The Tale of the Beginning of Moscow", in these books the great princely power was exalted and the role of Russia in world history was affirmed.

The language of literature of the 16th century. 7 classes.

Official literary and historical works were written during this period in an elated and solemn style. The monumentality of forms, that splendor, decorativeness and cumbersome "theatricality", which was so revered by the scribes of the 16th century, come to the fore. - the century of "second monumentalism".

The language of the "Tale of Peter and Fevronia"

The author of the story constantly uses old book unions - Asche, like, others like and special forms. Epithets: God's gift, a single table, a faithful prince, a dull voice. Comparisons: like psi barking, like a single mouth. Phraseological combinations: serve righteously, establish a feast.

However, more and more elements of lively colloquial speech were poured into Russian writing.

Great Russian speech serves as a life-giving source that nourishes the language of business documents in comparison with the language of business writing in ancient Russia.

The language of business writing is represented by official business documents: petitions- petitions to appear in court, for exemption from duties; diplomas spiritual, deeds of sale, security; lawyers - codes of laws; private correspondence: letters, personal notes, fairy tales.

The meanings of the words have changed: forehead has ceased to mean "skull", leprosy(harm) is now just the name of the disease.

Comes into use terminological vocabulary:

Put on a horse - go hiking

duma - advice, agreement

live for one - to be in union, in peace

kiss the cross - take an oath

sadder - patron, protector

Gat- The road through the swamp from the bulk earth and brushwood

murderer - killer

tokmo - only

more - more, better

to play the game of death - to fight, to fight

fiercely - firmly, steadfastly

dashing - evil, evil deed

saint - righteous, minister

ostensibly - as if

scold - scold

hawker - drunkard

bag - a bag for storing money

interpreter - translator

very much - because

Grades 5-6 are heroes of the 16th century literature.

"Life of Peter and Fevronya of Murom"

In the middle of the 16th century, the priest Yermolai-Erasmus wrote the life of two semi-legendary heroes - Prince Peter and Princess Fevronya of Murom - these heroes underlie the Day of Love and Family Well-being, which is now celebrated in Russia.

In the 15th - 16th centuries, the first lives of the holy fools were created: Procopius of Ustyug, Basil the Blessed, etc.

Such is the life of the Murom prince Constantine and his sons Mikhail and Fyodor, which tells about the baptism of the Murom land - these princes are known only from their lives.

This includes the story of Mercury of Smolensk - a young man, the owner of a miracle-sword, who saved Smolensk from the army of Khan Batu and, as a result, sacrificed himself.

Gains great importance in the XVI century. journalism. In the publicistic works of Ivan the Terrible, Andrei Kurbsky, Ivan Peresvetov, the most important problems of state administration, the relationship between the sovereign and subjects, the church and the grand ducal or royal power are raised.

In the writings of church hierarchs (Joseph Volotskiy, Nil Sorskiy, Metropolitan Daniel), polemics with heretics are conducted, social vices are exposed, and disputes are held on issues of church life.

The idea of ​​regulating the circle of soulful reading was best realized by the gigantic codex created at the initiative of the Novgorod Archbishop Makarii (later Metropolitan) - the Great Menaion-Chetis - a collection of all the "holy books" that are "found" in Russia.

In the "Russian Chronograph" Elder Philotheus led to the idea that for sins the "old Rome" fell, and the "new Rome" "- Constantinople, too, fell, for by agreeing to union with the Catholics (at the Florentine Council of 1439), the Greeks changed Orthodoxy , and the time has come for the "third Rome" - Moscow. Moscow is the last Rome, “there will be no fourth Rome”.

Typography in Russia.

On March 1, 1564, the "cunning printers" Ivan Fedorov and his assistant Peter Mstislavets published the first book - Acts and Epistles of the Holy Apostles.

The first printer himself did a lot of editorial work on it, designed it according to all the rules of the printing art of that time. In this book, Ivan Fedorov made rich headpieces for each section, colorful vignettes at the top of the pages, and initials.

Slide 1

Literature of the 17th century

Slide 2

Russian writers of the 17th century raised moral questions in their works and reflected on the fate of Russia and its contemporary problems. Traditions of "goodwill" are preserved - pompous rhetoric and "weaving of words"
"And command (Boris Godunov) that tsarist young-growing and red-blooming branch to tear off, the faithful Tsarevich Dmitry, like an unripe class, to reap, a non-malignant baby who is to die for death and like a lamb to slay"

Slide 3

Genres:
Historical story Household story Satire (a literary genre aimed at derogatory ridicule of the phenomena of public life, which seem to the author to be vicious) Verses (verses intended for reading, not for singing) Dramaturgy

Slide 4

Avramy Palitsyn
Avramy Palitsin was born in the village. Protasovo near Rostov in 1588 was disgraced, tonsured into the monks of the Solovetsky Monastery. From 1608, the cellarer of the Trinity-Sergius Monastery. When Boris Godunov ascended the throne, Palitsyn was returned from exile

Slide 5

"Legend" by Abramiah
"Legend" about the Time of Troubles in Russia. Causes of the Troubles forgiveness of sins: The murder of Tsarevich Dmitry in Uglich by Godunov The hypocrisy of Boris Godunov Connivance on the part of the people => "God punished the Russian land with hunger and war" only a desperate struggle for the freedom of the Fatherland atones for the sins of people.

Slide 6

Historical stories
"Times" by clerk Ivan Timofeev "The Tale of the Conquest of Siberia" "The Tale of the Azov sitting of the Don Cossacks"
I.E. Repin, painting "The Cossacks write a letter to the Turkish Sultan"

Slide 7

Satirical works:
"The Tale of the Shemyakin Court" "The Tale of the Ruff Ershovich" "Kalyazinskaya petition" - ridiculed the monastery whose brethren were not concerned with prayers, only with the abundance of wine and beer.
about bribery (bribery)
The monks complain about Archimandrite Bishop Simeon of Tver: “He is a Pomorian by birth, but Rostov-on-Don by his nature, but his mind, Kashin, your worshipers, does not listen to anything, drinks little with us, but beats us for a long time, and with a hangover he sets us up with blizzards, yes belt lashes. His honor was good for us, his whole back was even, that the skin had slipped from his shoulders. And when we are pilgrims for the rules in the evening we will work hard, until midnight at the beer bucket we will sit up, and in the morning we cannot get up, and where the hood with the mantle, we do not remember ... "

Slide 8

Lives of the saints
Protopop Avvakum is the founder of the autobiographical genre in Russian literature. In his life, with frankness, he talks about the ordeals of a long-suffering man who devoted his life to the struggle for the ideals of the Orthodox Church.
Archpriest Avvakum

Slide 9

“My father was the priest Peter, mother Mary, monk Martha. My father belongs to drunken drinking, my mother, my fasting woman and prayer, always teach me the fear of God. But I, having once seen the beast of my neighbor, I died, and in that night I stayed, in front of the image, crying deeply for my soul, remembering death, as if I would die too; and since then it has been a habit to pray all night long "
from the "Life" of Avvakum

"Medieval Lyrics" - Musicians. The most famous troubadours. Carmina Burana. Varieties of singers. Books and chronicles. Carolingian Empire. Outstanding vagants. The legacy of medieval lyrics. A little about the minnesingers. Medieval lyrics. The reasons for the decline. Troubadours. High Middle Ages. Typical excerpt. Names. Monasteries. Knight's castle. Vagant. Courtly love. Female. The danger of playing. Poetic sources. Political events.

"Medieval Literature and Art" - Romanesque Temple. Urban literature. Stained glass windows. Knightly literature. Medieval art. A journey to the afterlife. Book miniature. Poets and singers. Gothic temple. Dante Alighieri. Knightly novels and stories. Medieval literature. The last ballad of François Villon. Bible for the illiterate. Gothic. Francois Villon. Knightly poetry. Love. Painting. Knightly poets.

"Literature of the Middle Ages" - "The Most Drunken Liturgy", the famous anonymous parody of the 13th century .. Literature of the early Middle Ages. Romance. "Beowulf", 10th century "Song of Roland". Small stories of humorous content. Courtesy literature. Literature of the Mature Middle Ages. "Song of the Side". Urban literature. Heroic poems. Song of my Side. "Song of the Nibelungs". Song of fasting in love. Check yourself. Poetry of vagants.

"Literature in the 14-16 centuries" - Enlightenment, oral folklore, literature in the XIV-XVI centuries. Chronicle. Typography. Development of literature of the XVI century. Folklore. "The Tale of the Ruin of Ryazan by Batu". Historical songs. Summarizing. Literature. Features of the development of Russian culture in the XIV-XVI centuries. Education.

"Literature of the 15th century" - Walking. Historical songs, legends. Lives. Literature. Folklore. Chronicle. Folk art. Education. Processes of overcoming cultural isolation. Historical stories. Interest in world history. The first printed editions. Literature of the XIV - XVI centuries Publishers. Epic epic. Check yourself. Fragmentation of the state. Chronicle.

"Literature of the Middle Ages" - Literature of the Middle Ages. Literature of the Middle Ages. German heroic epic. French poetry of the troubadours. Ancient literature. Dictionary. Lesson plan. Georgian poem. Stages of communication with a literary text. Aesthetic ideals of the Middle Ages.

"Literature of the Middle Ages" - Lesson plan. French poetry of the troubadours. Georgian poem. Literature of the Middle Ages. Literature of the Middle Ages. Stages of communication with a literary text. Ancient literature. Dictionary. Aesthetic ideals of the Middle Ages. German heroic epic.

"Literature in the 14-16th centuries" - Enlightenment. Literature. Typography. Education, folklore, literature in the XIV-XVI centuries. Folklore. "The Tale of the Ruin of Ryazan by Batu". Features of the development of Russian culture in the XIV-XVI centuries. Historical songs. Summarizing. Development of literature of the XVI century. Chronicle.

"Medieval Literature and Art" - Painting. Knightly poetry. Poets and singers. Knightly literature. Gothic. Francois Villon. Dante Alighieri. Romanesque temple. Love. The last ballad of François Villon. Stained glass windows. Knightly poets. Gothic temple. Urban literature. Bible for the illiterate. Medieval art. Medieval literature. Book miniature. A journey to the afterlife. Knightly novels and stories.

"Medieval European Literature" - Knightly Novel. In its development, it goes through two large stages. Literature of the city. Knightly literature. Lyrics. Pierre Abelard. Medieval literature. A time of lack of culture. Religious literature. European medieval literature.

"Literature of the 15th century" - Walking. Education. Chronicle. Historical stories. Processes of overcoming cultural isolation. The first printed editions. Epic epic. Interest in world history. Fragmentation of the state. Chronicle. Literature. Folklore. Folk art. Publishers. Literature of the XIV - XVI centuries Historical songs, legends. Lives. Check yourself.

"Literature of the Middle Ages" - "Song of the Nibelungs". Romance. Literature of the early Middle Ages. "Song of Roland". Poetry of vagants. Heroic poems. Song of fasting in love. Song of my Side. Urban literature. Courtesy literature. Literature of the Mature Middle Ages. Small stories of humorous content. "The most drunken liturgy", the famous anonymous parody of the 13th century .. "Song of the Side". Check yourself. "Beowulf", 10th century

"Masters of Printing" - The location of the first printing house in the city of Kursk. Primer. Ivan Fedorov. Karion Istomin 1650 - 1717. Pyotr Mstislavets. Vasily Burtsov. Why? Moravov A. V. Ivan Fedorov ("The First Printer"). Lesson topic: Masters of printing. The first book of the Moscow Printing House - Apostle, 1564. Masters of printing.

"Culture of the Russian Middle Ages" - The main occupation. The reasons for Vladimir's choice of Orthodoxy. Church persecution. Approval of a new type of consciousness. The main stages of the development of medieval Russian culture. Indivisibility. Cultural dynamics. Approaches to comprehending the ways of development of Russian culture. Monument "1000th Anniversary of Russia". Essays on the history of Russian culture.

"Culture of Russia in the XVI century" - Lebedev. Bell tower of Ivan "the Great" in Moscow. Enlightenment of the 16th century Culture is part of the history of a people. Church of the Ascension in Kolomenskoye. St. Basil's Cathedral. Folklore. Painting of the 16th century Gen. School of Ancient Russia. Icon. Metropolitan Alexy with his life. Vasnetsov. Ivan Fedorov is the first book printer. Events and phenomena that influenced the formation of Russian culture in the 16th century:

"Culture of the XVI century" - Algorithm for the characteristics of the cultural development of society. Main events: New phenomena in Russian culture of the 16th century. Working with additional sources. Church of the Ascension in Kolomenskoye (1532). "Russia through the eyes of foreigners". - Features of the culture of the XVI century -. Typography. "Cheti - Menaion" -?

"Culture of Russia of the 14-16th century" - Dishes. Heroic and "hagiographic" themes. Dwellings. Saint Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod. Church of the Ascension in the village of Kolomenskoye. Andrey Rublev. Dionysius. St. Basil's Cathedral. Assumption Cathedral. Culture and life of the Moscow state in the XIV-XVI centuries. Cathedral of the Archangel. Life of Alexander Nevsky. Blagoveshchensky cathedral.

"First Books" - Made some important changes to the fonts. Ivan Fedorov's primer. 1694 40 headpieces and 22 drop caps were used for the design of the book. The apostle is part of the bible. The first printing press. Innovative in the book is the use of two-color, two-pass printing technology. Publishing mark of the Ostrog Bible.