The role of Chatsky's monologues in the comedy by A. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"

The comedy "Woe from Wit" was written by A. Griboyedov after the Patriotic War of 1812, that is, at a time when profound socio-political changes were taking place in the life of Russia.

With his work, Griboyedov responded to the most pressing issues of our time, such as serfdom, individual freedom and independence in thought, the state of enlightenment and education, careerism and respect for rank, admiration for foreign culture. The ideological meaning of "Woe from Wit" consists in opposing two lifestyles and worldviews: the old, feudal ("the past century") and the new, progressive ("the present century").

"The present century" is presented in the comedy by Chatsky, who is the ideologist of new views, He expresses his attitude to everything that happens in society. That is why the main character's monologues occupy such an important place in the play. They reveal the attitude of Chatsky to the main problems of contemporary society. His monologues also carry a large plot load: they appear in the play at critical moments in the development of the conflict.

We meet the first monologue already in the exposition. It begins with the words "Well, what is your father? ..", and in it Chatsky gives a characterization of Moscow mores. He notes with bitterness that during his absence from Moscow, nothing has changed significantly. And here, for the first time, he starts a conversation about the upbringing system adopted in society. The children of Russian nobles are brought up by foreign tutors "in more numbers, at a lower price." The younger generation grows up in the belief that "without the Germans there is no salvation for us." Chatsky mockingly and at the same time bitterly notes that in order to be known as educated in Moscow, one must speak in "a mixture of the languages ​​of French and Nizhny Novgorod."

The second monologue (“And, for sure, the world began to grow stupid ...”) is connected with the outset of the conflict, and it is devoted to the opposition of the “present century” and “the past century”. This monologue is sustained in a calm, slightly ironic tone, which is psychologically justified. Chatsky loves Famusov's daughter and does not want to annoy her father. But Chatsky does not want to assent to Famusov, who offends his pride, his views of a free-thinking person. Moreover, this monologue was caused by the moral teachings of Sophia's father, his advice on how to make a career, using the experience of the unforgettable uncle Maxim Petrovich.

Chatsky strongly disagrees with this. The whole accusatory meaning of the words of the protagonist is that he is trying to explain to Famusov the difference between two historical periods, past and present. The Catherine era, which evokes such tenderness in Famusov, is defined by Chatsky as "an age of obedience and fear." Chatsky believes that now are the times when there are no people who want to "make people laugh, bravely sacrifice the back of the head." He sincerely hopes that the techniques and methods of the nobles of Catherine's time are a thing of the past, and the new century appreciates people who are truly honest and devotedly serving the cause, and not individuals:

Although there are hunters to do the same everywhere,
Yes, today laughter scares and keeps shame in check,
It is not for nothing that sovereigns do not favor them.

The third monologue "Who are the judges?" - the most famous and vivid monologue of the protagonist. It occurs at the time of the development of the conflict in the play. It is in this monologue that Chatsky's views receive the most complete coverage. Here the hero clearly expresses his anti-serfdom views, which later gave the critics the opportunity to bring Chatsky closer to the Decembrists. How different the tone of this passionate monologue is to the peaceful lines of the previous one! Citing specific examples of the manifestation of the monstrous attitude of the nobles to the serfs, Chatsky is horrified by the lawlessness that reigns in Russia:

That Nestor of the noble scoundrels,
A crowd surrounded by servants;

Zealous, they are in the hours of wine and fight
And honor and his life saved him more than once: suddenly
He exchanged three greyhounds for them !!!

But the debtors did not agree to the postponement:
Cupids and Zephyrs all
Sold out one by one!

"Where, tell us, fatherland fathers, // Which should we take for models?" - the main character asks bitterly. In this monologue, one can hear the genuine pain of a person who knows the value of the “fathers of the fatherland”, who are “rich in robbery” and are protected from the court by the entire existing system: connections, bribes, acquaintances, position. The new man cannot, according to the hero, come to terms with the existing slavish position of the "smart, vigorous people." And how can one come to terms with the fact that the defenders of the country, the heroes of the war of 1812, the gentlemen have the right to exchange or sell. Chatsky raises the question of whether serfdom should exist in Russia.

Hero Griboyedov is also outraged that such "strict judges and judges" pursue everything freedom-loving, free and defend only the ugly and unprincipled. In this monologue of the hero, the voice of the author himself is heard, expressing his innermost thoughts. And after listening to Chatsky's passionate monologue, any sane person must inevitably come to the conclusion that such a state of affairs cannot exist in a civilized country.

Another monologue by Chatsky begins with the words "In that room an insignificant meeting ..." It marks the culmination and denouement of the conflict. Answering Sophia's question "Tell me, what makes you so angry?", Chatsky, as usual, gets carried away and does not notice that no one is listening to him: everyone is dancing or playing cards. Chatsky speaks into emptiness, but in this monologue he touches on an important problem. He is outraged by the "Frenchman from Bordeaux" as an example of the admiration of the Russian nobles before everything foreign. With fear and tears, he went to Russia, and then he was delighted and felt like an important person, not having met there "neither the sound of a Russian, nor a Russian face." Chatsky is offended by the fact that the Russian language, national customs and culture should be placed much lower than foreign. He ironically proposes to borrow from the Chinese "the wise ... ignorance of foreigners." And he continues:

Shall we rise again from the foreign rule of fashion?
So that our smart, vigorous people
Although he didn’t think of us as Germans by language,

The last monologue falls on the plot's denouement. Chatsky says here that he will never be able to come to terms with the mores and orders of Famus' Moscow. He is not surprised that this society of people, who are in panic fear of everything new and advanced, declares him insane:

You are right: he will come out of the fire unharmed,
Who will have time to stay with you for the day,
Breathe the air alone
And in him the reason will survive.

So, Chatsky left the Famusovs' house insulted and disappointed, And yet he is not perceived as a defeated person, a loser, because he managed to remain faithful to his ideals, to remain himself.

Monologues help us understand not only the character of the protagonist. They tell us about the order that existed in Russia at that time, about the hopes and aspirations of progressive people of that time. They are important both in the semantic and structural construction of the play. Thinking readers and viewers should definitely think about the main problems of Russian society in the time of Griboyedov, many of which are still relevant today.

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Monologues of Famusov and Chatsky - heroes of the legendary work, comedy by A.S. Griboyedov's "Woe from Wit" are distinguished by their contrast. There is a struggle between the past and the future. Chatsky's speeches are a call for change, a thirst to start life anew, but Famusov desperately wants everything to remain the same, because he is very comfortable living in the illusion that everything is fine, and nothing else is needed for happiness, as soon as “cherish nobility ".

But in order to understand what is at stake, you need to delve into the monologues of these two antipodean heroes in more detail and draw conclusions for yourself.

"Taste, father, excellent manner"

With these words begins the monologue of Pavel Famusov, who clearly adheres to the idea that "there are laws for all." His speech sounds like an answer to Skalozub, who is not averse to getting married. This is where Famusov has the opportunity to express his opinion on this complex issue. He also recalls that "honor according to father and son," that is, preference will be given to a bride with a rich dowry; and that Russian people are the most hospitable, and they have “dinner ready for everyone”, especially foreigners are welcomed under their roof. Further more. Famusov, as they say, goes into a rage, and begins to praise the Moscow youth, because, in his opinion, they "will teach teachers at the age of fifteen."

As for the old people, Famusov's praises are ready for them too. “As soon as they are taken with enthusiasm, they will be sued about deeds, that the word is a sentence,” he notes. And the next phrase can already alert the thoughtful reader with its uncompromising approach and deceptive approach to change: "It's not that novelties have been introduced - never ..."

According to Famusov, it turns out that it is not bad to judge people, to find fault with anything, but a strict taboo is imposed on striving for a positive change in life.

Unfortunately, the overwhelming majority of nobles had such concepts then, and the Famusov is only one of them. But what about Chatsky, the only representative of modern times in the play "Woe from Wit"? How does he react to such rants?

Chatsky's position: swim against the tide

Probably, there is no such reader of the play "Woe from Wit" in the modern world who would stand on the side of Famusov and oppose Chatsky's speeches. After all, now life is completely different, and everyone understands and accepts Chatsky, but the hero-nobleman is imprinted in the minds of people as a champion of past, sloppy and completely unacceptable ideas.

But if you follow Chatsky's speeches, you can get a lot of interesting and useful information. “The houses are new, but the prejudices are old, rejoice, neither their years, nor fashion, nor fires will destroy them,” he regretfully replies to the monologue just spoken by Famusov, realizing that, alas, he cannot do anything with the established stupid and false notions those who call themselves the nobility. However, the main one here is Pavel Afanasyevich, and he immediately suppresses such an objectionable speech to him: "I asked to be silent, the service is not great." And then, turning to Skalozub, he speaks about Chatsky in the third person with him: “It's a pity, it's a pity, he's a small man with a head; And he writes and translates nicely. One cannot help but regret that with such a mind ... "

Chatsky is smart, and Famusov fully admits this, but this person does not dance to his tune, does not adjust to him, like others, and does not adhere to his views and concepts, which, as Pavel Afanasyevich seriously believe, are the only true ones. But Andrei Chatsky cannot be fooled! He knows he is right and expresses his thoughts clearly and clearly. This is especially evident from the monologue "Who are the judges?" But in order to delve deeper into the meaning of this emotional speech, you need to consider Chatsky's phrases in more detail.

And in wives, daughters - the same passion for uniforms ...

Chatsky is not afraid to criticize judges who are at enmity with a life free from their stereotypes; who draw their opinions from old forgotten newspapers and who "all sing the same song." Unlike Famusov's opinion, Fatherland's fathers are by no means a role model for Chatsky. On the contrary, he denounces those who are "rich in robbery", who found protection from the court in family ties, who spend their lives in feasts and extravagance. This behavior is not only disgusting to the soul of young Chatsky, he considers him the most vile. And the facts that the adherent of new ideas expresses in a fit of feelings speak for themselves. One of the so-called fathers committed open betrayal when he traded his servants (who more than once saved his honor and his life) for three greyhounds.

Another drove the children of the serfs, forcibly taken away from their mothers, to the serf ballet, and boasted about it. Such inhuman behavior, according to Chatsky, is absolutely unacceptable, but what to do with the force of habit, with inert views, with resistance to new knowledge?

Now let one of us,
Of young people, there is an enemy of quest,
Requiring neither places nor promotion,
In science he will stick a mind hungry for knowledge;
To the creative arts, high and beautiful,
They immediately: robbery! fire!
And he will be known as a dreamer! dangerous !! "

Who is dangerous for people like Famusov and Skalozub? Of course, those who are eager to learn and want to renew their minds. Thinking people who are not afraid to express their opinion in the face are a threat and a catastrophe for the nobles. But, unfortunately, there are not so many of them. In the majority, there are always those who have a passion for a uniform that covers the poverty of reason and weakness, that is, striving to get a certain rank in order to establish themselves in this vicious society.

"That's it, you are all proud ..."

This monologue sounded from the lips of Pavel Famusov in response to Chatsky's phrase “I would be glad to serve. It’s sickening to serve. ” The fighter for the old views did not like the clear distinction between the concepts of "serve" and "obey", and he responded with an angry speech, again using the older generation as an example.

Pyotr Afanasevich emphasizes the benefits of admiration of the lower before the higher ranks. He is inflamed in praise of a certain uncle Maxim Petrovich, who bent over when it was necessary to help him, and considered such behavior to be the only correct one. But from the outside, if you look closely, Maxim Petrovich in his servility looks ridiculous, but Famusov's eyes are closed to this.

Chatsky's answer: "And it was as if the light began to grow stupid ..."

It would be surprising if Chatsky calmly reacted to such a stupid speech. Of course, he did not indulge the eccentricities of the nobility in the person of Famusov, but took a firm position of resistance to servility and servility to the ranks. Chatsky does not understand those who "take their foreheads" and fawn at the mighty of this world, and sharply condemns them, noting that "it is not for nothing that the sovereigns favor them sparingly."

The meaning of the monologues of Famusov and Chatsky

Famusov and Chatsky are representatives of two completely different eras. One is a nobleman who does not want any changes, closed in the shell of his concepts and outlook on life, ossified in greed and avarice, hating any desire for new knowledge.

Another is an enlightened person who is trying to expose the vices of the old system and prove the inconsistency and harmfulness of the ideas of those who build their lives on servility.

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the analysis of Famusov's monologue from the comedy by A. S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"

They are like black and white, like light and darkness, between which there can be nothing in common. That is why Chatsky is a very dangerous person for Famusov, because if there are many like him, the old and familiar foundations will certainly collapse. Famusov is horrified that Alexander Chatsky "wants to preach liberty" and does not recognize the authorities. However, sooner or later everything old and old comes to an end and a new one appears. So it happened with the nobility, which once disappeared completely, and was replaced by a completely new era in which education and scientific progress occupy a dominant place.

Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov is a Russian poet and playwright who has received wide public recognition thanks to his immortal work "Woe from Wit". This comedy is a significant work that combines classicism, romanticism and realism. The comedy tells about the life of the secular Moscow society, about their times and customs.

Thanks to the work "Woe from Wit", such a genre as comedy has completely taken root in Russian literature.

This work sold out in a fell swoop into quotes, some expressions became truly winged, probably there are no people in the world who have not heard the famous expression of Chatsky: "Who are the judges?"

In general, all works of Russian literature from the 19th to the 20th centuries were characterized by naturalness, many images that were painstakingly created by writers and poets became common nouns for people with a certain mindset and character. This axiom has not bypassed "Woe from Wit", although Chatsky and Famusov are heroes of their time, and many of their statements are not clear to the modern sophisticated reader who lives in the 21st century of technology, all the same, some of these personalities in our life find echoes of these characters, for some, Chatsky's ideology is the ideal social behavior.

First of all, this comedy is known for its monologues, with the help of which the characters reveal their inner world.

The main character is Alexander Andreevich Chatsky, an extra person in this comedy. Why is it superfluous? Because Alexander Andreevich could not realize all his talents in Russia. He condemns social strategy, for example, he despises bureaucracy, but the system does not allow him to break out of it, so Chatsky does not find a better way out, except for spending time at entertainment events.

Chatsky is straightforward, honest, has an ordinary mind, and also shows his emotionality and feelings. An uneducated person is scared to be with people like Alexander Andreevich, because he could overshadow his erudition and thinking abilities, thereby humiliating his opponent.

“And indeed, the light began to grow stupid, you can say with a sigh; How to compare, but to look at the present century and the past century: the tradition is fresh, but hard to believe; As he was famous, whose neck often bent; As not in war, but in peace, they took it with their foreheads, knocked on the floor without regretting it "

From this monologue, we see that Chatsky was disgusted with this world of lies and bribery, but, unfortunately, the young man could not overcome the whole system alone, so he, exhausted, decides to flee from Moscow, hoping that at least not in a secular and the capital littered with hypocritical aristocracy, he will find his refuge:

“Get out of Moscow! I don't come here anymore. I’m running, I don’t look back, I’ll go looking around the world, where the offended feeling has a corner! .. A carriage for me, a carriage! "

Chatsky's main opponent is Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov, who considers himself a nobleman and an educated person with monastic behavior. However, Pavel Afanasyevich contradicts himself, for example, what kind of monk is he when he flirts with the young servant Liza?

Famusov personifies the power of society, which is described by the comedy "Woe from Wit", that is, the society of the early 19th century. He works in the civil service, and this is not surprising, because Pavel Afanasyevich is a nobleman. But, unfortunately, Famusov is not interested in the future of his homeland, he does the work not because of interest in the country, but, as they say, because of a tick, because such a service is part of the life of the nobility, and the opinion of society for Pavel Afanasyevich is sacred. He advises Chatsky to go serve, as he wants to show himself to the enemy from the higher side. To which Famusov receives an ordinary answer, which has become a catch phrase:

"I would be glad to serve, it is sickening to serve."

From Famusov's monologues, the reader quickly realizes that the main thing for this person is wealth and power:

They would study, looking at the elders:
We, for example, or the deceased uncle,
Maxim Petrovich: he is not that on silver,
I ate on gold; one hundred people at the service;
All in orders; rode something forever in a train;
A century at court, but at what court!

The comedy "Woe from Wit" will always be relevant in our world, despite the fact that it was written more than 200 years ago. In our society, there will always be a few Chatskys, and people like Famusov will always hold high positions.

Chatsky's monologue "Who are the judges? .." from a comedy "" (1824) by a Russian writer and diplomat (1795 - 1829) is given in act 2, phenomenon 5 of the comedy. Chatsky responds to criticism of Famusov.

Chatsky's monologue is the most famous episode from the comedy "". The first phrase of the monologue "" became catchy.

Chatsky's monologue (act. 2 app. 5)

And who are the judges? - For antiquity years

Their enmity is irreconcilable to a free life,

Judgments are drawn from forgotten newspapers

The times of the Ochakovskys and the conquest of the Crimea;

Always ready to play

They all sing the same song

Not noticing about myself:

Older is worse.

Where? show us, fatherland fathers,

Which ones should we take for samples?

Aren't they rich in robbery?

They found protection from the court in friends, in kinship,

Building magnificent chambers

Where they are poured in feasts and prodigality,

And where foreign clients won't resurrect

The most despicable traits of the past.

And who in Moscow did not have their mouths shut

Lunches, dinners and dancing?

Isn't it the one you are with me from the veil,

For some incomprehensible plans,

Was the child taken to bow?

Made all of Moscow marvel at their beauty!

But the debtors did not agree to the postponement:

Cupids and Zephyrs all

Sold out individually !!!

These are the ones who have lived to see the gray hairs!

That is to respect whom we should be in the absence of people!

Here are our strict judges and judges!

Now let one of us,

Of young people, there is: the enemy of quest,

Requiring neither places nor promotion,

In science he will stick a mind hungry for knowledge;

Or God himself will stir up a fever in his soul

To the creative arts, high and beautiful, -

They immediately: robbery! fire!

And he will be known as a dreamer! dangerous !! -

Uniform! one uniform! he is in their former life

Once covered, embroidered and beautiful,

Their weakness, misery of reason;

And we will follow them on a happy journey!

And wives and daughters have the same passion for uniforms!

I myself have long renounced tenderness for him ?!

Now I cannot fall into this childishness;

But then who would not get involved with everyone?

When from the guard, others from the court

They came here for a while:

The women were shouting: hurray!

And they threw their caps into the air! "

Notes (edit)

1) Alexander Andreevich Chatsky- the main character of the work. A young nobleman, the son of Famusov's late friend, Andrei Ilyich Chatsky. Chatsky and Sofya Famusova used to love each other.

2) Pavel Afanasevich Famusov- Moscow nobleman of average rank. Serves as a manager in an official place. He was married, but his wife died shortly after giving birth, leaving his only daughter, Sophia, to his wife. Famusov was friends with Chatsky's late father.

3) The times of the Ochakovskys and the conquest of Crimea- the fortress and city of Ochakov was taken by Russian troops on December 6 (17), 1788 in the Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791. The general command of the assault was carried out by Prince Potemkin, the army was commanded by the commander