Makovsky biography. Konstantin Makovsky's family album in picturesque portraits: paintings that Tretyakov himself could not buy due to the high cost

Konstantin Egorovich Makovsky (July 2, 1839 - September 30, 1915) - Russian artist who joined the Itinerants, a full member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts.

From the age of four, Kostya Makovsky painted everything that caught his eye, and immediately showed the ability to easily “grasp nature”.
"Admire and remember!" the father instilled in his son, and demanded that Kostya sketch street scenes in his pocket album, sketch portraits of passers-by, and at home he asked the boy “Have you forgotten the peasant that he treated you to kvass? And that crow was remarkable. Come on, portray them to me ... Art is a religion, art is there to ennoble people, making them kinder and better. ”Later Konstantin said that he owes his talent first of all to his father.

Makovsky's historical painting, his so-called boyar genres, corresponded to the spirit of the official nationality and the pseudo-Russian style prevalent in the art of the 1880s-90s. "A wedding feast in a boyar family 17th century"(1883)," The Kissing Rite "(1895)," The Death of Ivan the Terrible "(1888) are interesting, rather, from an ethnographic point of view: the artist carefully writes out the costumes of the characters, accessories, details of the everyday environment.

Makovsky K.E. was married twice (I will tell you about this separately).
He dreamed of arranging his fate following the example of the great masters of the past, and fulfilled his dream. But the payment for it turned out to be considerable. In his declining years, having experienced a certain satiety, he confessed: “I did not bury my God this talent into the ground, but also did not use it to the extent that he could. I loved life too much, and this prevented me from completely surrendering to art "

Makovsky became the victim of an accident (a tram crashed into his crew) and died in 1915 in St. Petersburg. He returned to his Vasilyeostrovsk workshop in a cab. The horses got scared of the tram, a new type of transport, and rushed, overturning the carriage. Konstantin Yegorovich fell out of this carriage, having received a blow to his head on the pavement, which caused a very serious injury, which required an operation. After the operation, he regained consciousness, but his heart could not stand the too strong dose of chloroform. Konstantin Yegorovich died without regaining consciousness. So the 74-year-old ended brilliant life, full of work, joys and success.
He was buried at the Nikolskoye cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.

Minin's appeal on the square of Nizhny Novgorod.

Vladimir Egorovich Makovsky (January 26 (February 7) 1846, Moscow - February 21, 1920, Petrograd) - Russian itinerant artist, painter and graphic artist, teacher, master of the genre scene; academician (1873), full member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts (1893). Brother K.E. Makovsky.

Makovsky Vladimir Egorovich. Self-portrait. 1905

Vladimir Makovsky was born into the family of the prominent art worker Yegor Ivanovich Makovsky, one of the founders of the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. The artist's mother, Lyubov Kornilovna (Kornilievna) Makovskaya (née Molengauer), had a beautiful appearance and a wonderful voice, rare in strength and beauty of timbre, her performances in front of the audience were held with great success... The Makovskys occupied an apartment on the embankment of the Moskva River, from where, through high light windows, a picturesque view of the embankment, the Kremlin with its ancient towers, palaces and temples opened up. From childhood, Vladimir was surrounded by the atmosphere of art. At the father's house they gathered famous people- Glinka, Gogol, Shchepkin, Bryullov, Tropinin ... Literary, drawing and musical evenings were arranged. The family had five children - eldest daughter Alexandra, sons Konstantin, Nikolay, Vladimir and youngest daughter Maria. This family gave a whole galaxy of artists - they were four children of Yegor Ivanovich and three grandchildren.

Tropinin Vasily Andreevich. Portrait of Lyubov Kornilovna Makovskaya. 1830th.

Makovsky Vladimir Egorovich. Portrait of Yegor Ivanovich Makovsky. 1880

Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich. Portrait of Vladimir Egorovich Makovsky as a child. 1854

Vladimir inherited from his mother beautiful voice, studied to play the guitar and violin, and began to draw quite early. First lessons visual arts Makovsky took from V.A. Tropinin. At the age of fifteen, he painted the genre painting "Boy Selling Kvass" (1861).

Boy selling kvass. 1861

From 1861 to 1866, Vladimir studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture under S.K. Zaryanko and E.S. Sorokin. Vladimir graduated from college with a silver medal and the title of class artist III degree for the work " Literary reading". After graduating from college, Makovsky went to St. Petersburg and entered the Academy of Arts, where he successfully studied.

Literary reading. 1866

The faces depicted by the artist are portraits. Old man- the artist's father Yegor Ivanovich Makovsky, the young girl on the right - the artist's bride Anna Petrovna Gerasimova.

Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich. Portrait of V.E. Makovsky, the artist's brother. 1868

In 1969, 23 years old, he married Anna Petrovna Gerasimova (1848-1898) and lived with his family in his father's house, using his support. In this marriage, two were born son - Alexander(1869-1924), future painter, head of the art school at the Academy of Arts and Constantine (1871-1926), who later became an architect. To earn money, Vladimir had to carry out all sorts of orders: he painted for various Moscow illustrated publications, painted plafonds and even engaged in icon painting. These works, unusual for his talent, weighed heavily on the artist, took a lot of time and attention.

Makovsky Vladimir Egorovich. Despot of the family. In the artist's studio. 1893

The plot of the picture can be considered autobiographical. It was painted in 1893, while working on an order for the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Borki, and one of the unfinished icons depicted in the picture is a copy of his Transfiguration for the Spasov Monastery. It is noteworthy that as a work to earn money, the artist depicted precisely his occupations in icon painting.

Makovsky Vladimir Egorovich. Portrait of Anna Petrovna Gerasimova. 1880

With the birth in 1869 of his first child, the son of Alexander, Makovsky showed interest in children's themes ("Peasant Boys", "Shepherds", "Night"). For the painting "Peasant boys guard horses at night" Makovsky received the title of "class artist of the first degree with the Vigee-Lebrun gold medal for expression." The painting "The Game of Grandma" was the first painting by Makovsky, bought by P.M. Tretyakov for his gallery, which meant his recognition as an artist.

Peasant boys guard the horses at night. 1869

Night.

Shepherdesses. 1903

Knucklebones. 1870

Peasant boys. 1880

In 1870, at the exhibition of the Moscow Society of Art Lovers, his painting "In the Doctor's Office" was presented, where a priest is depicted with mild humor, enthusiastically explaining to an old woman his "correct" recipe for toothache. Attention to detail and, most importantly, warm irony remind of the tradition of P.A. Fedotov. The picture was a success, and its author was predicted to be a genre painter. Interest in " little man", His sorrows and joys now became the leitmotif of the artist's works. The same humor is imbued with his paintings of the early 1870s: "Lovers of Nightingale Singing", "Receiving a Pension", "Psalmists".

At the doctor's office. 1870

Lovers of nightingale singing. 1872-1873

Receiving a pension (also called "Scene in the Treasury when receiving a pension"). 1876

Psalmists. 1870

In 1872 he became a member of the Association of Mobile art exhibitions... From the very beginning he was one of the most active members of the Association, participated in almost all exhibitions, and since 1874 he was elected a member of the board.

Kramskoy Ivan Nikolaevich. Portrait of Makovsky Vladimir Egorovich. 1887

Gradually, the humorous coloring of Makovsky's paintings becomes somewhat different. Disturbing notes appear in them, reminding the viewer of human injustice, of the humiliated and insulted. In the paintings "A Visit to the Poor", "Swarm", "In the Front", "Waiting. Near the prison ”,“ The Bed House ”and others, the artist shows the wretched life of the urban poor, vivid contrasts between poverty and prosperity.

Expectation. At the prison. 1875

Sleeping house. 1889

Swarm. 1875

Visiting the poor. 1874

In the front. 1884

In 1879, Makovsky created the painting "The Condemned", where, with obvious sympathy, he portrayed a young People's Will, leaving the courtroom, accompanied by gendarmes. The grief of his poor old parents only emphasized the drama of the work, which, according to V.V. Stasov, "modern life has dug deeply and strongly."

Convicted. 1879

Bank collapse. 1881

One of the most significant canvases of the artist, which tells about the tragic everyday life, is "The Collapse of the Bank". Makovsky showed the feelings and experiences of people who invested their last savings in a bank that failed. A deep sympathy for the urban poor is imbued with the painting "Date", which echoes the plot of Chekhov's story "Vanka". The painting "On the Boulevard", which again touches upon the themes of the city and the countryside, is noted with the same nagging feeling. Another work of the artist - "Explanation", depicting with subtle lyricism young student and a girl in moments of decisive explanation.

On the boulevard. 1886-87

Date. 1883

Explanation. 1889-1891

From 1882 to 1894 Makovsky taught at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, taking the place of V.G. Perov, who passed away. At this time, he painted icons for the church and chapel in Borki. In 1892 he was awarded the title of professor. Until 1894, he lived and worked in Moscow in the building of the Palace Department at Stone bridge near the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, for the painting of which he made several sketches. At the VII TPHV exhibition, Makovsky presented works also related to the images of populists - "The Prisoner" and "Justified". The same thematic series can be attributed to the painting "Party", which vividly conveyed the atmosphere of meetings and disputes so common in those years among young people and students.

Justified. 1882

Party. 1875-1897

Prisoner. 1882

In 1894, the artist left his native Moscow and went to St. Petersburg, where at that time a teaching reform was taking place at the Academy of Arts. He was asked to lead the class genre painting... In connection with the new charter of the Academy of Arts, its teaching staff was also changed. Repin, Kuindzhi, Shishkin were invited as professors. In 1895 he was appointed rector of the Academy. Makovsky's students were A.E. Arkhipov, V.N. Baksheev, E.M. Cheptsov, V.A. Kuznetsov. Almost until last days V.E. Makovsky served as the head of the genre workshop at the Higher Art School of the Academy.

Self-portrait. 1893

Makovsky still travels a lot. When traveling abroad, he always tries to spend in museums or work in the open air. Trips to the Volga gave him a lot. A whole series of his Volga works were presented at the exhibitions. In 1896, the artist was invited to attend the coronation of Emperor Nicholas II in Moscow, where he witnessed the tragedy on the Khodynskoye field. The death of hundreds of people shocked Makovsky; his impressions were reflected in the film "Khodynka" and "Funeral of the victims of Khodynka", which long time was banned by the censorship.

Khodynka. 1897

On Vagankovsky cemetery... The funeral of the victims of Khodynka. 1896-1901

Widowed, Vladimir Yegorovich lived for some time with his mother Lyubov Kornilovna and sister Alexandra in a modest apartment on Ligovka. But soon he married a second time to the singer Olga Andreevna (Makarova?) (1866-1924). With his wife, they settled in an academic apartment on the fourth line of Vasilievsky Island. A warm apartment, the temperature of which was amazingly even - government firewood was released without any account, and the comfort created by the new wife was reluctant to let Vladimir Yegorovich into the workshop to the students. He mostly worked from home.

Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich. Title in online galleries: Portrait of Olga Stepanovna Makovskaya, wife of V.E. Makovsky, the artist's brother. Date of creation - 1864.

There is a clear confusion with this portrait. Firstly, the middle name of the second wife of Vladimir Makovsky is confused, her name - Olga Andreevna, as evidenced by the inscription on the tombstone of their common grave (see below). Secondly, Anna Petrovna, the first wife of Vladimir Yegorovich, died in 1898, and Olga Andreevna could not possibly be the artist's wife in 1864, she was not yet born. Since the year (on the left) is clearly indicated in the picture - 1864, it is not Olga Andreevna who appears in the portrait, but Anna Petrovna.

Scan from the book "Historical Cemeteries of St. Petersburg", Yuri Piryutko.

Ignatiev Mikhail Ivanovich. Artist V.E. Makovsky with the bride. 1900

Again, it’s not clear what kind of bride? If the first, then everything converges, except for the date of creation of the picture, of course, if it was not painted later, from memory. In 1900, Vladimir Yegorovich was already a gray-haired, respectable husband, and therefore the first bride in the picture.

Makovsky lived in comparison with others, especially the Moscow members of the Association, was rich, had a significant capital for the artist in the bank, but everything he had was not given to him easily, but was worked out by hard work, constant, systematic work. All day he was divided into hours, and for each hour there was a task: in the morning he went to the student's workshop, worked at his place, after lunch and a short rest he studied music. He participated in many meetings, commissions and found time for theater and concerts, not to mention weekly meetings at his home.

Friends, buddies. 1878

He began to study music already in mature age under the direction of good teachers... In music, he achieved that he played the violin well and analyzed rather difficult parts, mainly of the classics. “I don’t know which art I love more,” he said, “painting or music ... Every day, throwing a brush, I grab the bow and play, alone, for myself ...”. He played guitar and sang well, but was especially fond of violin. He even acquired unique violin Guarneri and was very proud of her. At home concerts, mainly in classical trios and quartets, he constantly conducted the violin part, and his performance was distinguished by great musicality and skill.

Photo engraving with a portrait and a dedication to V. Makovsky.

Here is what the famous art critic Boris Zotov writes about this: “Makovsky, famous composer Taneyev and the Itinerant artists Myasoedov, Minchenkov and Bryullov (nephew of "Great Karl") gathered in the evenings, when it was no longer possible to work with paints. The most complicated songs of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven were played in ecstasy. " Tretyakov's daughter, Vera Pavlovna (married to Ziloti), recalled: “One of the most charming, delicate, sincere people whom I knew in my life was Vladimir Egorovich Makovsky. He was also attractive by his appearance ... He loved music to the point of madness ... There was and remains the impression that he lived in his soul the whole world poetry, romance ".

Musical evening. 1906

Guitar player. 1879

Makovsky's paintings were very expensive: hundreds and thousands of rubles. The buyers were, of course, only those who possessed large capital, aristocrats, the courtyard, sometimes museums: Academies or Alexander III, rarely Tretyakov Gallery, which at the time of the late Wanderers, after the death of Tretyakov, almost stopped acquiring the things of the old Wanderers, finding that they had already said their own and could not add anything to the former. Revolutionary situation in Russia was reflected in the works "Interrogation of a Revolutionary" and "January 9, 1905 on Vasilievsky Island." However, a genre painter by nature, Makovsky could not rise in these paintings to great historical generalizations. Unpretentious and truthful everyday scenes continue to be the best in his work. Since 1905, Makovsky is a full state councilor.

Interrogation of the revolutionary. 1904

Study for the painting on January 9, 1905 on Vasilievsky Island. 1905

January 9, 1905 on Vasilievsky Island. 1905

In 1915, the Association of Traveling Art Exhibitions honored him as one of its oldest and most loyal members. After February revolution 1917, he was still going to be made president of the Academy of Arts. But after October 1917, everything changed dramatically. The academy was closed, Makovsky was retired. He still tried to meet the new requirements, new government, new time. A few months before his death, he wrote a sketch in gouache with the author's inscription: “Bolsheviks. Guard post. December 1919 "(State Tretyakov Gallery). and "New time". But these were already very weak works. He continues to live in Petrograd and does not leave until the last days creative work... Over four hundred paintings, many illustrations and watercolors were made by the artist during his long creative life.

In a workshop. 1920 / Artist in his studio.

Self-portrait.

Vladimir Egorovich Makovsky died on February 21, 1920. Buried in Petrograd at the Smolensk Orthodox cemetery.

Konstantin Makovsky - one of the largest painters and portrait painters of Russia in the 19th century, a member creative association traveling art exhibitions, author of genre-historical works, a man of great talent and skill.

Fate was favorable to this artist. His paintings were very popular and highly valued by both Russian and foreign collectors. A huge part of the work has expanded to private collections. V Russian museums today there is a very small number of paintings by this master, because his works were snapped up by foreign buyers.

Nothing less, painting "Boyarsky wedding feast in the 17th century ”, which turned out to be beyond the means of Tretyakov himself, was sold for a huge sum of 60,000 rubles at that time to the American jeweler Schumann, who paid for it three times the amount that Makovsky asked for this work from the founder of the Tretyakov Gallery. The artist's paintings were as precious as the life he preferred. The master bathed in the rays of glory, idolized women and loved luxury.

Childhood and youth

K. E. Makovsky was born in 1839. His father, Yegor Ivanovich Makovsky was famous artist, one of the founders of the school of painting, sculpture and architecture in Moscow, which Konstantin graduated from in 1857, enrolling in it educational institution as a twelve year old teenager. Since childhood, the atmosphere of worship reigned in the family artistic skill, the house was visited by many famous figures of painting and culture.

In addition to the eldest son Constantine, other children followed in their father's footsteps. Egor Ivanovich's sons Vladimir and Nikolai, as well as Alexander's daughter, gave strength and skill to painting and graphics. Only the second daughter, Maria, devoted herself to the art of singing.

Konstantin Makovsky continued his studies at the Academy of Arts of St. Petersburg, where his talent and artistic talent were quickly revealed. Already in 1862, the novice artist received a Small gold medal for his first historical work on the murder of Boris Godunov's son.

However, Makovsky did not have to graduate from the Academy in the usual way: in 1863, 14 students, including Konstantin, turned to the academic leadership with a request for an independent choice of works claiming the main gold medal. Makovsky did not want to paint a picture based on Scandinavian myths.

After the denial of this right, the members of the group left the walls of the Academy with a scandal, having received diplomas of artists of the 2nd degree and subsequently founded the Association of Traveling Art Exhibitions. The so-called "revolt of the fourteen" was reported to Emperor Alexander, and the group was quickly put under secret double surveillance: the city police and the secret imperial one.

Creative way

After completing his studies, Konstantin Makovsky plunges headlong into creative process... In 1866, the artist received awards for his painting Literary Reading. For the work about how peasant children guard horses at night, based on the plot of Turgenev's story "Bezhin Meadow", the master received the Gold Medal with the title of artist of the 1st degree. He continued the childish theme in the painting "The Game of Grandmas" (1870), where in the characters of the heroes of the picture he very subtly noticed their characteristic features.

In his early work K. Makovsky creates deep semantic genre works... In 1870-72, he wrote the paintings "At the Doctor's Office", which attracted great attention of connoisseurs with the typicality of images, humor and the original plot "Balagans on Admiralty Square" with colorful types of representatives of the Russian estates of those times, "Peasant lunch during harvest ”,“ The Funeral of a Child ”and“ Children Running from the Thunderstorm ”. In 1872-73, Makovsky created the painting "Nightingale Lovers", for which he was awarded 1 prize of the Society for the Encouragement of Arts and the title of Academician.

In parallel, he successfully tries himself in the portrait genre, creating both images of famous figures of art, science and society, and ordinary people At this time, "Portrait of A. I. Suvorina", "Girl in a Headscarf", "Bacchante", "Young Italian Woman with Pomeranians", "Herringwoman", and others came out from the artist's pen. highly appreciated by V.V. Stasov, who wrote that this canvas- one of the best in portraiture both in performance and in the amazing similarity of the image with a real character.

In 1876, being already famous and in demand, K. Makovsky went on a trip to Europe and Asia, visited Serbia, Bulgaria and Egypt. The culmination of this trip was the creation of paintings that became one of the best in his gallery: "Dervishes in Cairo" and "Bulgarian Martyrs", as well as portrait sketches "Arab boy with an orange", "Cairc", "Egyptian warrior".

At the end of the 19th century, K. Makovsky creates a large number of weighty, effective and entertaining historical paintings the era of the boyar genre of the 17th century, which had the greatest success in the art world. This is the above-mentioned picture about the wedding feast of the boyars in the 17th century, and "The choice of the bride by the tsar" (1887) and "Feast at the boyar Morozov" (1895). At the same time, a series of magnificent portraits was created: "The Blind", "Monk - Collector of Taxes for the Temple", "Ophelia", many canvases with images of hawthorns.

Makovsky was married three times, raised several children, one of whom, Sergei, later became famous poet and art critic. Remembering your life path, Makovsky wrote that he did not bury his talent, given to him by God, in the ground, but he never fully applied it. The artist stated that he loved life too much, this love prevented him from fully surrendering to creativity.

The master died in 1915, not recovering from a fall in the street, at the age of 76, while still being creatively active. Makovsky's works have forever become one of the bestsellers of world art painting.

Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich

(July 2 (June 20), 1839 - September 30 (17), 1915) - a famous Russian artist who joined the Itinerants. Many of his historical paintings such as The Dress of the Russian Bride (1889), show an idealized view of life in Russia in previous centuries. Konstantin Makovsky is also a representative of academicism.

Konstantin was born in Moscow, the eldest son in the family Russian leader arts and amateur artist, Yegor Ivanovich Makovsky. Egor Makovsky was the founder of the "Natural class", an art school, which later became known as Moscow school painting, sculpture and architecture. Among the family's friends were Karl Bryullov and Vasily Tropinin. All the children of Yegor Ivanovich became outstanding artists... Later, Konstantin wrote: "With what came out of me, I consider myself obliged not to the academy, not to the professors, but exclusively to my father."

In 1851, Konstantin entered the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, where he became the first student, easily receiving all available awards. His teachers were M. I. Scotti, A. N. Mokritsky, S. K. Zaryanko, all of them were Karl Bryullov's students. Makovsky's penchant for romanticism and decorative effects can be explained by the influence of Bryullov.

In 1858 Makovsky entered the Imperial Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg. Since 1860, he participated in exhibitions of the Academy with such paintings as "Healing the Blind" (1860) and "The Agents of Dmitry the Pretender kill Boris Godunov" (1862). In 1863, Makovsky, along with 13 other students selected to participate in the competition for the Great Gold Medal of the Academy, refused to paint a picture on the topic Norse mythology and left the Academy without receiving a diploma.

Makovsky joined the artel of artists headed by Ivan Kramskoy, creating paintings Everyday life(Widow (1865), Herring Seller (1867), etc.). In 1870 he co-founded the Fellowship of Traveling Art Exhibitions and continued to work on paintings of everyday life. He exhibited his work both at the exhibitions of the Academy and at traveling art exhibitions.

Significant changes in his style occurred after traveling to Egypt and Serbia in the mid-1870s. His interests shifted from social and psychological problems To artistic issues colors and shapes.

In the 1880s, he became a fashionable author of portraits and historical paintings. At the 1889 World Exhibition in Paris, he received the Great Gold Medal for his paintings The Death of Ivan the Terrible, The Judgment of Paris and The Demon and Tamara. He was one of the most highly regarded and highly paid Russian artists that time. Many Democratic critics saw him as a traitor to the ideals of the Wanderers, creating, like Henryk Semiradsky, striking but superficial works, while others saw in him a harbinger of Russian impressionism.

Makovsky became the victim of an accident (a tram crashed into his crew) and died in 1915 in St. Petersburg.

Makovsky's son, Sergei Konstantinovich - a famous figure of Russian culture Silver Age(later one of the first to suggest this name), art critic, publisher of Apollo magazine.

K. E. Makovsky. "Children running from a thunderstorm". 1872. Tretyakov Gallery. Moscow.

(Source: "Popular Art Encyclopedia."

See what "Makovsky Konstantin Egorovich" is in other dictionaries:

Makovsky, Konstantin Egorovich Self-portrait Date of birth: July 2 (June 20) 1839 Place of birth: Moscow ... Wikipedia

Russian painter, full member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts (1898). Brother of V. E. Makovsky. Studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture (1851‒58) under S. K. Zaryanko and at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts ... ... Big Soviet encyclopedia

- (1839 1915) Russian painter... Brother of V. E. Makovsky. Member of the Artel of Artists, itinerant, from the middle. 1870s passed to academism. Genre paintings (Children running from a thunderstorm, 1872), colorful genre historical scenes, portraits ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

See in the article Makovsky (family of artists) ... Biographical Dictionary

Wikipedia has articles about other people with this surname, see Makovsky. Konstantin Makovsky ... Wikipedia

- (1839 1915), Russian painter. Brother of V. E. Makovsky. Member of the Artel of Artists, itinerant, since the mid-1870s. passed to academism. Genre paintings masterly in pictorial technique ("Children running from a thunderstorm", 1872), colorful genre ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Russian painter; the son of a well-known Moscow art lover at one time, one of the founders of the local school of painting, sculpture and architecture, Egor Ivanovich M. (1800 1886), b. in Moscow in 1839; under paternal influence 12 years old ... ... Big biographical encyclopedia

- (1846 1920), Russian painter itinerant. Brother of K. E. Makovsky. Vital, subtly noted scenes of urban life ("Explanation", 1889 1891), psychologically convincing canvases on social critical topics("The collapse of the bank", 1881), images ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Makovsky, Vladimir Egorovich Date of birth: January 26 (February 7) 1846 Place of birth: Moscow ... Wikipedia

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